The presence of a herniated disc can be confirmed through physical examination, usually with the aid of X-ray, CT, MRI, or similar scans. Depending on the type of pain experienced, muscle relaxers, analgesics, anti-inflammatory drugs, icing or heat may all be prescribed. For very severe pain, an epidural injection of a cortisone-containing drug may be administered to decrease nerve inflammation, or a small amount of chyopapain may be used locally to physically dissolve the disc protrusion. A laminectomy, or surgical procedure in which a portion of the vertebral bone is removed, is another option.
In addition to medication or surgical procedures, physical therapy may be advised to strengthen back muscles and joints and therefore decrease the likelihood of further problems. Utilizing chairs and mattresses with adequate back support, practicing proper lifting techniques, and maintaining a healthy body weight are also a part of normal treatment. After treatment has begun, any intense pain should decrease significantly after a few weeks, although some pain may continue months into the future.
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